An RF cyber attack can be either an intrusion or exfiltration attack, or both, using RF signals to carry out the attack.
For RF intrusion attacks, the attackers do not need physical access to the target system and can operate from a distance. They can manipulate transmitted signals in various ways, such as changing signal strength, frequency, or modulation, to trick the receiver into accepting the fake signal as legitimate. This can allow the attacker to inject false data into the system, disrupt communications, or gain unauthorized access to the network.
RF signal exfiltration is a spying technique whereby RF signals are used to transmit sensitive or secret information out of a secure facility (such as an embassy).
Technical surveillance countermeasures are vital, particularly for sensitive environments such as embassies, in order to counter RF cyber attacks.