Angle of Arrival (AoA) and Direction Finding (DF) techniques are commonly used ways to geolocate radio frequency signals. This white paper outlines the various forms of AoA , including how they work, how they can be applied in practice, and how they can be combined with other geolocation techniques, such as time difference of arrival (TDoA).

The white paper addresses:

• AoA basic operating principles
• Sources of error in AoA
• Fixed vs mobile systems
• Proof of concept